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00:00:08>> THERE IS NO OTHER BUILDING
QUITE LIKE THIS IN THE COUNTRY.
00:00:12THIS IS THE OHIO STATEHOUSE.
THESE HALLWAYS AND ROOMS HAVE
00:00:21ECHOED WITH THE WORDS OF GREAT
MEN -- LINCOLN, TRUMAN,
00:00:27EISENHOWER AND KENNEDY.
THIS IS A STORY OF THIS
00:00:32BUILDING'S BIRTH, GRADUAL
DETERIORATION, AND FINAL
00:00:35RESTORATION TO A PLACE OF
UNPARALLELED BEAUTY AND GRACE.
00:00:39IT'S A STORY AS OLD AS THE
STATE ITSELF.
00:00:43THIS BUILDING REPRESENTS WHO WE
ARE AND HOW FAR WE'VE COME AS A
00:00:52PEOPLE.
IT IS "THE STATE'S HOUSE."
00:01:10>> IN 1838 WHEN CONSTRUCTION
BEGAN ON THE STATEHOUSE, OHIO
00:01:14WAS STILL A YOUNG FRONTIER
STATE JUST CARVED FROM THE LAND
00:01:18GRANT OF THE NORTHWEST
TERRITORY.
00:01:21THE NEW SETTLERS WANTED TO
IMPRESS THE REST OF THE
00:01:24COUNTRIES WITH THEIR STATE
CAPITAL AND THEY DID.
00:01:27WHEN IT CAUSE COMPLETED IN
1861, IT WAS ONE OF THE LARGEST
00:01:33AND MOST MAGESTIC CAPITALS IN
THE COUNTRY.
00:01:38>> TODAY WE NEED TO HONOR THE
VISION OF THE PEOPLE THAT
00:01:43IMAGINE TO BUILD THIS BUILDING.
THE STATEHOUSE WAS EQUAL IN
00:01:47SIZE TO THE NATIONAL CAPITAL AT
THAT TIME.
00:01:50THE PEOPLE HERE THOUGHT THIS
STATE THING WAS GOING TO GO
00:01:52SOMEWHERE AND WE WOULD BE
SOMETHING IMPORTANT.
00:01:57>> THESE EARLY OHIOANS PLANNED
AND DESIGNS A GREEK
00:02:02REVIVAL-STYLE BUILDING, WHICH
IS TODAY ONE OF THE FINEST
00:02:08PIECES OF ARCHITECTURE IN THE
COUNTRY.
00:02:10IT WAS NOT ACCOMPLISHED EASILY.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THIS
00:02:13LIMESTONE BUILDING TOOK MORE
THAN 22 YEARS.
00:02:16>> AND IT REALLY WAS A
STATEMENT ABOUT HOW IMPORTANT
00:02:19THE PEOPLE OF OHIO FELT THEIR
STATE WAS GOING TO BE AS
00:02:22SYMBOLIZED IN THEIR STATEHOUSE.
>> CALLED AFFECTIONATELY BY
00:02:26SOME THE GRAY LADY, SHE'S
SURVIVED POLITICAL SQUABBLES,
00:02:34WORLD WARS, EPEDEMICS,
SUBDIVISION AND COMPLETE
00:02:36RESTORATION.
OHIO'S FIRST STATE CAPITAL WAS
00:02:45LOCATED IN CHILLICOTHE IN 1803
AND THE FIRST LEGISLATIVE
00:02:47MEETINGS WERE HELD IN A PUB
CALLS ABRAMS BIG HOUSE.
00:02:51OVER THE YEARS, THE CAPITAL'S
LOCATION WAS MOVED TO
00:02:56ZANESVILLE, BACK TO CHILLICOTHE
AND FINALLY TO COLUMBUS.
00:02:59THERE WAS INTENSE COMPETITION
AMONG THE TOWNS TO BECOME THE
00:03:02PERMANENT HOME OF STATE
GOVERNMENT.
00:03:08IN 1812 AFTER MUCH-HEATED
DEBATE, THE DECISION WAS MADE
00:03:11TO ESTABLISH THE CAPITAL CITY
IN AN UNSETTLED WILDERNESS
00:03:16AREA, WHICH LATER BECAME
COLUMBUS.
00:03:18THE SITE WAS CENTRALLY LOCATED
AND EASY TO REACH FROM ALL
00:03:21CORNERS OF THE STATE.
FOUR LANDOWNERS DONATED 10
00:03:26ACRES OF LAND AND PROMISED TO
BUILD TWO PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
00:03:31COLUMBUS WASN'T A CITY THAT
BECAME A STATE CAPITAL.
00:03:34IT WAS A STATE CAPITAL THAT
BECAME A CITY.
00:03:57>> OF COURSE IT WAS BORN IN
CONTROVERSY AND BUILT IN
00:04:01CONTROVERSY.
>> THEY OFFERED THE LAND AND TO
00:04:04BUILD A STATE PRISON AND TO
BUILD A CAPITAL BUILDING IN
00:04:08ORDER TO LURE STATE GOVERNMENT
TO THE AREA.
00:04:11>> THE SELECTION OF A SITE FOR
A STATE CAPITAL WAS SURROUNDED
00:04:17WITH CONTROVERSY.
YOU MAY RECALL THAT THE ONLY
00:04:20WAY THEY COULD GET IOWANS OF
THAT DAY TO DECIDE WHO WOULD
00:04:23GET THE PLUM, THE SITE FOR THE
CAPITAL, WAS A SPECIAL OFFER
00:04:28FROM A GROUP OF SMALL
INVESTORS, BUT THEY WERE SMART
00:04:32ENOUGH TO SEED INTO THAT BILL A
40-YEAR CLAUSE, WHICH MEANT
00:04:39THAT THE FIRST PERMANENT
ESTABLISHMENT OF A STATE
00:04:41CAPITAL IN THE STATE OF OHIO
WAS PERMANENT IN QUOTES.
00:04:47>> BY THE SPRING OF 1812,
DOWNTOWN STREETS AND SITES FOR
00:04:51THE TWO PROMISED BUILDINGS HAD
BEEN SURVEYED.
00:04:55BY 1814, THE FIRST STATEHOUSE,
A MODEST BRICK BUILDING, HAD
00:04:59BEEN CONSTRUCTED ON THE 10-ACRE
CAPITAL SQUARE.
00:05:03BY 1816, MOST OF THE TREE
STUMPS HAD BEEN REMOVED FROM
00:05:07THE SURROUNDING DOWNTOWN
STREETS.
00:05:10>> I VISITED THE CAPITAL SQUARE
IN THE SUMMER AND FOUND A LOT
00:05:14COVERED WITH 10 ACRES OF FINE
CLOVER IN WHICH HAD SOMEBODY'S
00:05:21PIGS, PERHAPS THE STATE'S.
>> AS OHIO'S PROSPERITY GREW BY
00:05:26THE LATE 1830s, THE LEGISLATORS
BEGAN DISCUSSING A LARGER,
00:05:30GRANDER STATEHOUSE.
THE TOWNSPEOPLE WERE OVERJOYED.
00:05:35>> BY THE TIME OUR CAPITAL
BUILDING WAS UNDER
00:05:41CONSTRUCTION, COLUMBUS WAS A
THRIVING LITTLE TOWN, NO
00:05:46STREETS WERE PAVED.
YOU HAVE TO IMAGINE A SMALL
00:05:50TOWN WITH SMALL-SCALE
BUILDINGS, DIRT STREETS, AND
00:05:54THIS MAGNIFICENT BUILDING
THAT'S GROWING OUT FROM BEHIND
00:05:56THE CONSTRUCTION FENCE OVER A
22-YEAR PERIOD.
00:06:01>> IMAGINE YOURSELF LIVING
WITHIN COLUMBUS AT THAT TIME
00:06:05AND THEN SUDDENLY REALIZE IN
THE MIDDLE OF THAT TOWN WAS
00:06:12GOING TO ARISE LIKE A PHOENIX
SOME STRUCTURE THAT WOULD BE
00:06:17COMPARABLE TO ANYTHING ON THE
EAST COAST.
00:06:19IT MUST HAVE BEEN AN
EXTRAORDINARY EXPERIENCE.
00:06:23>> THE FINAL VOTE FOR THE NEW
STATEHOUSE BUILDING CAME
00:06:27UNEXPECTEDLY AND WE DID NOT
REALIZE FOR A MOMENT WHAT HAD
00:06:31HAPPENED AND THEN CHEERS AND
HOOTS RANG OUT.
00:06:36PEOPLE RUSHED THE OPEN DOORS
AND THE NEWS RUSHED SHOP TO
00:06:43SHOP.
PEOPLE CHEERED AND DRANK AND
00:06:45DANCED THROUGH THE NIGHT.
ON THE WAY HOME, I STUMBLED
00:06:49OVER PEOPLE DRUNK AND SLEEPING
IN THE STREETS.
00:06:52>> IN 1838, NOTICES WERE PLACED
IN NEWSPAPERS IN CITIES IN
00:06:57OHIO, PHILADELPHIA, NEW YORK
AND WASHINGTON, ANNOUNCING A
00:07:01DESIGN COMPETITION FOR A NEW
STATE CAPITAL.
00:07:05THE FIRST PLACE WINNING ENTRY
RECEIVED $500, SECOND $300, AND
00:07:11THIRD $200.
>> WE HAVE TO START AT FIRST
00:07:23WITH THE THREE PRIZE WINNERS.
>> AT THIS POINT, THE STORY OF
00:07:28THE STATEHOUSE TAKES A STRANGE
TWIST.
00:07:30YOU WOULD THINK A BUILDING OF
SUCH IMPORTANCE IN ITS TIME
00:07:33WOULD HAVE BEEN DESIGNED BY A
PROMINENT ARCHITECT, HAVE
00:07:39DETAILED CONSTRUCTION RECORDS,
OR LOOK LIKE ONE OF THE WINNING
00:07:41DESIGNS, BUT THAT WASN'T THE
CASE.
00:07:44OPINIONS DIFFER ON THE NUMBER
OF ARCHITECTS INVOLVED IN THE
00:07:48CONSTRUCTION AND WHAT THEIR
CONTRIBUTIONS REALLY WERE TO
00:07:52THE BUILDING.
>> NOBODY KNEW WHAT HAPPENED TO
00:07:55THE PLANS.
WE DID KNOW WHO GOT THE THREE
00:07:59FIRST PRIZES.
THAT WAS REPORTED IN THE
00:08:02NEWSPAPER.
THERE WAS NO CONTROVERSY THERE.
00:08:04IT WAS JUST THE BEGINNING STAGE.
BUT A FUNNY CONTROVERSY OF
00:08:08ANOTHER SORT DEVELOPED WHEN THE
COMMISSIONERS REPORTED THAT
00:08:11THEY COULD NOT DECIDE WHICH OF
THE THREE PLANS THEY THOUGHT
00:08:14OUGHT TO BE USED.
>> HENRY WALTER FROM CINCINNATI
00:08:18WAS AWARDED THE FIRST PRIZE,
BUT HE WAS ALSO AWARDED THE JOB
00:08:21OF BEING THE ARCHITECT OF THE
CAPITAL.
00:08:24HE WAS APPOINTED TO COME TO
COLUMBUS AND START BUILDING THE
00:08:27BUILDING.
AND YOU HAVE TO UNDERSTAND THAT
00:08:29IN THOSE DAYS, THAT'S THE WAY
IT WAS DONE.
00:08:35YOU HAD A FLOORPLAN AND THEN
YOU WOULD START BUILDING THE
00:08:39BUILDING.
AND THE ARCHITECT WOULD LIVE ON
00:08:40OR NEXT TO THE SITE, SPEND
EVERY DAY THERE.
00:08:42AS THE NEXT PIECE OF BUILDING
WAS READY TO GO IN, HE WOULD
00:08:46DESIGN IT, DETAIL IT AND THE
CONSTRUCTION WORKERS WOULD
00:08:49BUILD IT.
SO IT IS SORT OF THE MASTER
00:08:53BUILDER CONCEPT.
>> THE DISAGREEMENT CONCERNS
00:08:59ONE MAN, THIRD PLACE DESIGN
WINNER THOMAS COLE, AND HOW
00:09:02MUCH INFLUENCE HE REALLY HAD ON
THE FINAL DESIGN OF THE
00:09:07BUILDING.
SOME BELIEVE HE WAS
00:09:09INSTRUMENTAL IN THE LOOK OF THE
BUILDING.
00:09:10OTHERS DO NOT.
>> INTERESTINGLY, DURING THE
00:09:16JUDGING PERIOD, COLE WAS
CONSTANTLY TRYING TO INFLUENCE
00:09:19THIS COMMISSIONER TO SELECT HIS
DESIGN.
00:09:22IT'S MY OPINION THAT HE MADE A
DELIBERATE ATTEMPT TO BECOME
00:09:27KNOWN IN HISTORY AS THE
ARCHITECT OF THIS BUILDING.
00:09:35A LOT OF HISTORIANS CREDIT COLE
OR THE PRIMARY DESIGNER.
00:09:38I DIDN'T AGREE WITH THAT.
WHILE THE FINAL DESIGN HAS SOME
00:09:44ELEMENTS OF COLE'S DRAWINGS,
THE REPRODUCTIONS THAT WE LOOK
00:09:48AT, IT ALSO HAS ELEMENTS OF THE
OTHER DESIGNS, PARTLY BECAUSE
00:09:52HE DIDN'T DESIGN THE FINAL
BUILDING AND PARTLY BECAUSE OF
00:09:56THE WAY ARCHITECTURE WAS
PRACTICED AT THIS TIME, WHERE
00:10:00THE ARCHITECTS MUST LIVE ON THE
SITE AND DESIGN THE DETAILS AND
00:10:03MAKE THE BUILDING WORK DAY TWO
DAY TWO DAY.
00:10:07COLE NEVER VISITED THE SITE AS
FAR AS WE KNOW.
00:10:09SO HE DIDN'T DO THE OTHER
DRAWINGS.
00:10:117 DIDN'T DO THE COMPOSITE
DRAWINGS FROM WHICH THE
00:10:14BUILDING WAS BUILT.
SO I'M WILLING TO CREDIT HIM
00:10:17WITH INFLUENCE AND SO I THINK
HE WAS A GOOD P.R. AGENT, BUT I
00:10:25WOULDN'T CREDIT HIM WITH BEING
THE ARCHITECT.
00:10:27>> THE ORIGINAL PROJECT AND
IDEA FROM THE BUILDING CAME
00:10:30FROM THOMAS COLE, WHO IN THAT
DAY WAS ONE OF THE PREMIERE
00:10:33PAINTERS IN THE UNITED STATES
KNOWN ALL OVER THE WORLD.
00:10:35HE WAS THE DEAN OF THE HUDSON
RIVER SCHOOL, NATIONALISTIC
00:10:40PAINTERS, AND HE HAD BEEN A
POOR ITINERANT PORTRAIT PAINTER
00:10:46IN THE EARLY DAYS, TRAVELING
TOWN TO TOWN AND HE LATER
00:10:56BECAME TO KNOW A MAN THAT WAS
PART OF THE BUILDING COMMITTEE
00:11:00AND DID A DRAWING.
BUT AFTER ADAPTATION, WHAT WAS
00:11:04ACCEPTED IS WHAT HE AND MR.
ADAMS SAID IN LETTERS TO EACH
00:11:08OTHER THAT THIS IS THE BUILDING
HE DESIGNED.
00:11:10>> EVEN THOUGH HE NEVER SET
FOOT ON THE SITE AND WASN'T
00:11:15INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS, LET'S
CALL COLE THE FIRST ARCHITECT.
00:11:21SO HERE'S THOMAS COLE, THE
PAINTER'S MOUTHPIECE FOR GREEK
00:11:27REVIVALISM, IF YOU LIKE, BUT
NOT AN ARCHITECT.
00:11:30DESPITE THE FACT THAT HE CAN
SKETCH IN AN ARCHITECTURAL
00:11:36BACKGROUND AND YET HIS
PRIZE-WINNING DESIGN, AS COPIED
00:11:40BY DAVIS SHOWS, YES, HE DID
HAVE THOSE SCHOOLS, AND
00:11:44MOREOVER, HE'S CARRYING ON AN
18th CENTURY DECISION OF THE
00:11:48ARTIST BEING SKILLED IN MORE
THAN JUST THE SINGLE ART.
00:11:52SO TO BEGIN WITH, WE'RE FACED
WITH THIS ABSOLUTELY
00:11:56FASCINATING FACT THAT THE OHIO
STATE CAPITAL AS IT STANDS
00:12:02TODAY IS LARGELY THE CONCEPTION
OF AN ARTIST RATHER THAN AN
00:12:07ARCHITECT.
>> THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE
00:12:12BUILDING WOULD STRETCH OVER 22
YEARS AND INVOLVE FOUR
00:12:17SUPERVISING AND THREE
CONSULTING ARCHITECTS.
00:12:21THEY WERE THOMAS COLE.
OPINIONS DIFFER ABOUT HIS
00:12:24CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE FINISHED
BUILDING.
00:12:27HENRY WALTER, THE FIRST
ARCHITECT TO ACTUALLY SET FOOT
00:12:30ON THE SITE AND TO COMPLETE THE
BUILDING'S FOUNDATION.
00:12:35WILLIAM RUSSELL WEST.
HE COMPLETED THE EXTERIOR SHELF
00:12:42THE BUILDING, BUT LEFT
HURRIEDLY AFTER A DISAGREEMENT
00:12:46WITH THE COMMISSION.
NATHAN B. KELLY, CREDITED WITH
00:12:50THE CONSTRUCTION AND INTERIOR
DESIGN.
00:12:54THOMAS WALTERS AND RICHARD
UPJOHN, TWO ARCHITECTS THAT
00:12:57PREPARED A REPORT FOR THE
LEGISLATOR.
00:13:01AND ISIAH RODGERS, THE MAN THAT
WOULD COMPLETE THE BUILDING AND
00:13:05GIVE IT ITS DRUM-SHAPED
STRUCTURE.
00:13:11>> IMAGINE HAVING 67 ARCHITECTS
TAKE A HAND AT IT AND
00:13:16CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISORS AND
IT'S HARD TO IMAGINE THAT YOU
00:13:19WOULD END UP WITH A LANDMARK
THAT PEOPLE WOULD WANT TO
00:13:23PRESERVE.
>> THE COMMISSIONERS THAT
00:13:29SUPERVISED THE COMPETITION KNEW
THEY WANTED GREEK REVIVAL.
00:13:33IT WAS AT THE TIME AN EXTREMELY
POPULAR STYLE THROUGHOUT THE
00:13:37COUNTRY.
>> IT WAS, I THINK, THE FIRST
00:13:40AMERICAN STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE,
EVEN THOUGH IT'S CALLED GREEK.
00:13:42IT WAS A REACTION TO THE
EUROPEAN STYLES BROUGHT OVER
00:13:47INTO THE COLONIES.
WHEN WE STARTED BUILDING NEW
00:13:51GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS AND EVEN
HOUSES, THERE WAS A DESIRE TO
00:13:53GO BACK TO THE ROOTS OF
ARCHITECTURE, CLASSICAL ROOTS
00:13:58IN ATHENS AND ROME AND MOST
GREEK REVIVAL BUILDINGS HAVE A
00:14:04TEMPLE FORM AND COLUMBUS AND
USED THE GREEK ARCHITECTURE.
00:14:10>> ANOTHER REASON FOR THE
POPULARITY OF GREEK REVIVAL IN
00:14:13AMERICA IS THAT IT WAS NOT
POPULAR IN ENGLAND.
00:14:18THIS FACT WAS EXTREMELY
APPEALING TO THE YOUNG
00:14:20AMERICANS WHO HAD BEATEN THE
BRITISH IN THE WAR OF
00:14:24INDEPENDENCE AND THE WAR OF
1812.
00:14:27>> THE ARCHITECTURE ITSELF
EMERGES FROM AN EMOTIONAL
00:14:30SITUATION OR FEELING OF PEOPLE
IN THAT TIME.
00:14:33IT WASN'T JUST THAT THEY LIKED
IT.
00:14:37THEY FELT EMPATHY FOR IT.
>> YOUNG AMERICA LEAPED INTO
00:14:43THE HOLE QUESTION OF
SELF-GOVERNMENT WITH A FERVOR
00:14:46THAT IS DIFFICULT FOR THOSE OF
US OF A LATER PERIOD IN HISTORY
00:14:54TO UNDERSTAND.
YOUNG AMERICA SAW ITSELF IN THE
00:14:57ROLE OF A NEW DEMOCRACY.
ALL OF A SUDDEN, AMERICANS
00:15:04BEGAN TO RELATE TO GREECE AS A
SORT OF UNCORRUPTED DEMOCRACY
00:15:08AND IT SWEEPS THE COUNTRY.
>> LATE IN THE YEAR OF 1838,
00:15:16THE LEGISLATURE GAVE
AUTHORIZATION FOR CONSTRUCTION
00:15:18TO BEGIN.
>> THE OHIO STATEHOUSE WILL BE
00:15:21THE LARGEST STATEHOUSE IN THE
UNITED STATES.
00:15:24SO IT COVERS 1/10th LESS GROUND
THAN THE FEDERAL CAPITAL IN
00:15:30WASHINGTON.
THE SENATE CHAMBER, THE HOUSE
00:15:32OF REPRESENTIVES CHAMBER AND
THE LIBRARY, WILL BE LARGER
00:15:35THAN THOSE IN WASHINGTON.
>> IT'S A VERY SIMPLE BUILDING
00:15:40IN A WAY.
IT IS BASED ON A SYSTEM OF
00:15:45ARCHING INVOLVING THAT IS AS
OLD AS HISTORY.
00:15:49AND IT WAS DONE THE SAME WAY.
STONE ON STONE.
00:15:53>> BUILT LIKE THE PARTHENON,
THE LIMESTONES ARE UP TO 13
00:16:05FEET THICK, AND THESE VAULTED
ARCHES SUPPORT THE WEIGHT OF
00:16:08THE FLOORS ABOVE.
>> MOST STATE CAPITALS ARE NOT
00:16:11BUILT THIS WAY.
THE OHIO STATEHOUSE HAS MORE IN
00:16:16COMMON WITH THE PYRAMIDS THAN
THE HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS ACROSS
00:16:20THE STREET, BECAUSE THEY'RE
BUILT ON A STEEL FRAME AND
00:16:24EVERYTHING ELSE IS A VENEER.
HERE WHAT YOU SEE IS THE
00:16:28STRUCTURE.
WHAT'S IMMEDIATELY BEHIND THE
00:16:31PLASTER OR IN MANY CASES STONE,
IT'S THE BEARING STONES OF THE
00:16:34BUILDING.
>> WHEN COMPLETED IN 1861, THE
00:16:44STATEHOUSE HAD TWO FLOORS AND
53 ROOMS.
00:16:46IT HELD THE GOVERNOR, SECRETARY
OF STATE, TREASURER AND STATE
00:16:55AUDITOR'S OFFICES.
THE ROTUNDA EXTENDED THROUGH
00:16:57BOTH FLOORS.
ON THE SECOND FLOOR WAS THE
00:17:01SENATE AND HOUSE CHAMBERS,
SUPREME COURT AND STATE'S
00:17:03LIBRARY.
THE GROUND FLOOR LEVEL
00:17:10CONTAINED HORSE STALLS, STORAGE
AREAS AND A DIRT FLOOR
00:17:13SPRINKLED WITH OX BLOOD TO KEEP
DOWN THE DUST.
00:17:16THE BUILDING DID CONTAIN SOME
REVOLUTIONARY DESIGN SYSTEMS
00:17:20FOR A PRECIVIL WAR BUILDING.
>> THE STATEHOUSE WHEN IT
00:17:25OPENED, HAD SOME SYSTEMS THAT
WHILE THEY'RE NOT UNIQUE WAS
00:17:33UNUSUAL.
THEY HAD INDOOR PLUMBING,
00:17:36HEATING SYSTEM AND VENTILATION
SYSTEM.
00:17:40THEY WEREN'T REVOLUTIONARY IN
THAT IT HADN'T BEEN TRIED
00:17:44BEFORE, BUT IT WAS UNUSUAL FOR
THE PUBLIC BUILDING.
00:17:49IMAGINE A PRECIVIL WAR BUILDING
THAT DIDN'T HAVE A FIREPLACE.
00:17:52IT DIDN'T BECAUSE IT HAD A
CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEM.
00:17:55IT HAD A COAL-BURNING BOILER
UNDERNEATH THE ROTUNDA IN WHAT
00:18:00WE CALL A CRYPT.
WE HAD TWO COAL-FIRED,
00:18:07STEAM-GENERATED FANS, AND AN
INTRICATE SYSTEM OF DUCTS THAT
00:18:11DISTRIBUTED THE AIR.
WE ALSO HAD INDOOR PLUMBING.
00:18:15HE HAD TO GO OUTDOORS TO GET TO
IT, BUT WE HAD INDOOR PLUMBING
00:18:21IN WATER CLOSETS IN SMALL ROOMS
IN THE PIER THAT HELD UP THE
00:18:27ROTUNDA.
YOU WOULD GO ACROSS A NARROW
00:18:30BALCONY INTO A HEATED ROOM.
>> IN THE 1860s, THERE WAS NO
00:18:37CITY WATER SYSTEM TO DELIVER
FRESHWATER TO HOMES OR
00:18:39BUSINESSES.
THE TOILETS AT THE STATEHOUSE
00:18:42WERE FLUSHED USING RAIN WATER
COLLECTED FROM THE ROOF.
00:18:45THE RUNOFF WAS STORED IN LARGE
CAST IRON SISTERNS UNDERNEATH
00:18:56THE ROOF.
IT WAS KEPT UNTIL NEEDED AND
00:18:58THEN RELEASED BY PIPES.
>> AND THE WATER WOULD COME BY
00:19:01GRAVITY AND TAKE CARE OF THE
TOILETS AND THE DRAINAGE.
00:19:07IT WAS QUITE A SYSTEM AND IT'S
ALL STILL THERE.
00:19:09>> THE ONLY PROBLEM IS THAT
THEY GOT CONFUSED WITH THE
00:19:15NEW-FANGLED HEATING SYSTEM AND
PLUMBING SYSTEM TOGETHER IN THE
00:19:18BASEMENT AND THE DISCHARGE FROM
THE PLUMBING SYSTEM SEEMED TO
00:19:22HAVE GOTTEN INTO THE HEATING
SYSTEM AND FOR ABOUT 20 YEARS
00:19:27PEOPLE WOULD GET SICK WORKING
HERE.
00:19:29THEY CALLED TO THE STATEHOUSE
MALARIA.
00:19:31IT TURNS OUT THAT THE FRESH AIR
AND AFFLUENCE FROM THE TOILETS
00:19:42WERE MIXING.
>> ONE PART OF THE BUILDING
00:19:45DESIGN WHICH MIGHT BE
CONSIDERED UNUSUAL TODAY BUT
00:19:47WHICH WAS COMMON AT THE TIME
WAS THE OMISSION OF LIGHTING
00:19:56FIXTURES.
PEOPLE ROSE WITH THE SUN, DID
00:19:59THEIR WORK BY WINDOW USING
NATURAL LIGHT, AND WENT TO BED
00:20:02WHEN THE SUN SET.
CANDLES WERE EXPENSIVE AND NOT
00:20:12OFTEN USED.
LIGHT WALLS FLOODED THE
00:20:17INTERIOR WITH LIGHT AND
VENTILATION.
00:20:18GAS LIGHTS WERE ADDED TO THE
BUILDING.
00:20:21EACH GAS JET PRODUCED 15 WATTS
OF ILLUMINATION.
00:20:25THIS WAS CONSIDERED EXTREMELY
BRIGHT LIGHT BY OUR ANCESTORS.
00:20:30>> SO IN MANY WAYS, IT WAS AN
INNOVATIVE BUILDING AT THE TIME
00:20:34IT WAS BUILT.
>> IF WE WOULD HAVE BEEN HERE
00:20:37AT THE TIME THE CONSTRUCTION
WAS GOING ON THERE, WOULD HAVE
00:20:39BEEN A FENCE AROUND THE SITE.
THAT FENCE STADIUM FOR SO MANY
00:20:43YEARS IT WAS AN ISSUE WITH THE
CITIZENS OF COLUMBUS.
00:20:46>> THE FENCE WAS BUILT TO KEEP
CURIOSITY-SEEKERS OUT AND
00:20:51CONSTRUCTION WORKERS IN.
>> THE REASON FOR THE FENCE
00:20:53WAS, OF COURSE, THE SITE WAS
PEOPLE LARGELY DONE BY
00:20:59PRISONERS AND IT WAS TO KEEP
THE PRISONERS IN, AND IT WAS
00:21:02ALSO THERE TO KEEP THE CURIOUS
AWAY.
00:21:04IT WOULD HAVE BEEN SUCH A SITE,
SUCH A DIFFERENCE IN TOWN TO
00:21:08SEE A BUILDING OF THIS SIZE
GOING UP AND THIS COMPLEXITY.
00:21:15>> THE LEGISLATURE CONTRACTED
TO USE WORKERS AS STONE MASONS.
00:21:23THE LIMESTONE FOUNDATION AND
MOST OF THE FIRST FLOOR WAS
00:21:27BUILT ENTIRELY BY CONVICTS FROM
THE OHIO STATE PENITENTARY.
00:21:31THESE CELLS AT THE OLD PEN MAY
HAVE HOUSED THE MEN WHO HELPED
00:21:35BUILD THE STATEHOUSE.
>> THERE'S A STORY THAT
00:21:42CIRCULATED THAT AS THE
STATEHOUSE GOT UNDERWAY, PEOPLE
00:21:45WHO HAD CERTAIN SKILLS WERE
SINGLED OUT FOR, SHALL WE SAY,
00:21:50MORE INTENSIVE ENFORCEMENT OF
THE CRIMINAL STATUTE.
00:21:52WE DON'T FIND THAT TO BE THE
CASE.
00:21:54THERE WAS, FOR EXAMPLE, NO
GREATER PROPORTION OF STONE
00:21:58MASON OR BRICK LAYERS CONVICTED
OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES DURING THE
00:22:02CONSTRUCTION THAN THERE WAS
BEFORE AND AFTER.
00:22:04>> I HAD HOPED TO FIND, FOR
EXAMPLE, THAT VOICES WOULD BE
00:22:07RAISED IN THE COMMUNITY OTHER
THAN THE BUSINESS COMMUNITY,
00:22:14WHO SAW THIS AS AN UNFAIR TRADE
PRACTICE.
00:22:17I WOULD HAVE EXPECTED THAT
THERE WOULD BE OTHER KINDS OF
00:22:20CONCERN AND THERE WEREN'T,
WHICH I THINK IN ITSELF IS
00:22:23SAYING SOMETHING VERY IMPORTANT.
I -- FURTHERMORE, I DON'T THINK
00:22:30THAT ANYBODY AT THAT TIME
NOTICED THE EXTRAORDINARY
00:22:36PARALLEL BETWEEN ANCIENT GREECE
AND MODERN AMERICA.
00:22:41THE ANCIENT GREEKS WHO USED
SLAVE LABOR IN THE CONSTRUCTION
00:22:43OF SOME OF THEIR ELABORATE
MONUMENTS AND HERE IN EFFECT IN
00:22:48THE -- AT THE HEIGHT OF THE
GREEK REVIVAL, WE WERE USING
00:22:53WHAT AMOUNTED TO SLAVE LABOR IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THAT
00:22:55BUILDING.
>> IN THE 1850s, LOCAL
00:23:02CONTRACTORS PROTESTED THE USE
OF FREE CONVICT LABOR AND THE
00:23:06PRACTICE WAS STOPPED.
THIS GRAFFITI LEFT BY A FEW
00:23:10CONVICT WORKERS WAS HIDDEN FOR
150 YEARS BENEATH LAYERS OF
00:23:15PAINT ON THE GROUND FLOOR LEVEL.
RECENTLY DISCOVERED, IT AND THE
00:23:20BUILDING'S SOLID FOUNDATION ARE
THE LASTING REMINDERS OF THEIR
00:23:26CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE STATE'S
HOUSE.
00:23:36>> PROBLEMS PLAGUED THE
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT FROM THE
00:23:38BEGINNING.
IN THE WINTER OF 1849, A
00:23:42CHOLERA EPIDEMIC SWEPT THROUGH
COLUMBUS AND 116 CONVICTS
00:23:46WORKING ON THE CONVICT, 1/3 OF
THE PRISON POPULATION, DIED.
00:23:50WORK STOPPED ON THE STATEHOUSE
FOR ALMOST A YEAR AND PANIC
00:23:54SWEPT THE CITY.
IN THE 1850s, THE STATE'S
00:24:00ECONOMY FALTERED AND FINANCIAL
WOES NEARLY DEPLETED THE
00:24:04TREASURY.
LAND PRICES PLUMMETED.
00:24:06>> THE BUILDING REQUIRED MANY
YEARS TO COMPLETE, NOT BECAUSE
00:24:11THE CONSTRUCTION ITSELF WAS
COMPLICATED, BUT BECAUSE THE
00:24:14DECISION NEVER SEEMED TO BE
FINAL.
00:24:16THEY STARTED THE BUILDING AND
THEN BECAUSE OF FUNDING
00:24:20PROBLEMS STOPPED, COVERED OVER
THE SITE.
00:24:22>> THE FACT IT WAS DRAGGED OUT
FOR A PERIOD OF TIME, THERE
00:24:26WERE A NUMBER OF ARCHITECTS
INVOLVED, IT ADDED TO THE COST
00:24:30OF IT CERTAINLY.
I SUSPECT THAT MAYBE THE VISION
00:24:33WAS GRANDER THAN THE BUDGET.
>> WORK STOPPED A SECOND TIME
00:24:37WHEN THE 1840 CLAUSE IN THE
ORIGINAL STATEHOUSE ACT WAS
00:24:41READY TO EXPIRE.
THIS TIME THE SITE WAS ALMOST
00:24:46ABANDONED FOR GOOD.
THE FINISHED LIMESTONE
00:24:49FOUNDATION WAS FILLED IN WITH
DIRT AND ALL WORK STOPPED FOR
00:24:53FOUR YEARS.
>> AND, OF COURSE, IT WAS
00:24:56DISCOVERED THAT THE BUILDING
WAS A VERY HOT POLITICAL
00:25:02FOOTBALL.
AS THE 40 YEARS BEGAN TO COME
00:25:05TO A CLOSE, SUDDENLY THOSE WHO
HAD ANY CONCERN ABOUT A
00:25:12RELOCATION OF THE STATE CAPITAL
SAW THEIR CHANCE AND THEY THREW
00:25:17SAND IN THE GEARS.
SO YOUR FIRST MAJOR
00:25:20INTERRUPTION -- AND ONE OF THE
REASONS WHY IT TOOK SO LONG --
00:25:25COMES ABOUT WHEN THEY REPEALED
THE STATEHOUSE ACT.
00:25:29LITERALLY AFTER HAVING DONE
BARELY MORE THAN LAYING THE
00:25:32FOUNDATIONS.
AS YOU KNOW, THEY COVERED OVER
00:25:35THE FOUNDATIONS AND LIFE WENT
ON.
00:25:37>> THERE WAS LEGISLATORS INTENT
ON MOVING STATE GOVERNMENT.
00:25:41THE NEWSPAPERS REPORTED
HOSITILITY TO THE SOCIETY OF
00:25:50THE DAY.
EDITORIALS RANTED THAT THEY
00:25:53WERE PUTTING ON AIRS.
THE LEGISLATION VOTED THAT
00:25:57STATE GOVERNMENT WOULD REMAIN
IN COLUMBUS.
00:25:59>> WHEN THE NEW STATEHOUSE ACT
IS PASSED AND WILLIAM RUSSELL
00:26:05WEST COMES INTO THE PICTURE,
THEN FOR THE FIRST TIME, YOU
00:26:11HAVE AN ACTIVE, ON SITE
ARCHITECT.
00:26:14SO THINGS MOVE ALONG UNTIL
RUSSELL WEST RETIRES.
00:26:22BY HIS OWN STATEMENT, HE FELT
THAT HE LOST THE CONFIDENCE OF
00:26:25THE COMMISSIONERS, SO WEST IS
OUSTED AND KELLY COMES IN.
00:26:34NOW KELLY'S MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS
-- KELLY RETURNS TO A DOME AND
00:26:38ONE CAN SEE THAT IN HIS DESIGN.
THE DOME, OF COURSE, WAS NOT
00:26:43EXECUTED AND THAT BRINGS US TO
THE FINAL STAGE AND HERE THE
00:26:48WATERS BECOME VERY SLIGHTLY
MUDDY.
00:26:51HERE'S YOUR TWO POLITICAL
PARTIES, ONE IN CONTROL OF THE
00:26:54CONTRACT AND THE ARCHITECT.
THE OTHER THE OUTPARTY AND
00:26:59THEY'RE AT EACH OTHER'S THROATS.
THE NEWSPAPER COLUMBUS OF THOSE
00:27:02DAYS WERE FILLED WITH THEIR
CHARGES AND COUNTERCHARGES AND
00:27:04THE REST OF IT.
AND THIS ULTIMATELY, JUST AS IT
00:27:08WOULD WITH WHITEWATER AND OUR
MODERN INVESTIGATIONS, THIS
00:27:12DEMANDS AN INVESTIGATION, WHICH
IS CARRIED OUT.
00:27:14>> TWO RESPECTED ARCHITECTS OF
THE DAY, THOMAS WALTERS AND
00:27:19RICHARD UPJOHN, PREPARED A
REPORT, A CRITIQUE, REALLY, OF
00:27:23THE BUILDING.
THEY WERE NEGATIVE ABOUT THE
00:27:27PLASTER DECORATIONS AND
RECOMMENDED CHANGES WHICH WOULD
00:27:30RETURN THE BUILDING INTERIOR TO
A GREEK REVIVAL STYLE.
00:27:33THEIR RECOMMENDATIONS WERE
IGNORED.
00:27:34>> THAT BRINGS US THE FINAL
ARCHITECT, ISIAH ROGERS, WHO IN
00:27:39ONE SENSE IS PROBABLY THE MOST
FAMOUS OF ALL OUR STATEHOUSE
00:27:47ARCHITECTS.
THE NEW RENAISSANCE REVIVAL
00:27:49STYLES WERE BECOME MORE AND
MORE POPULAR AND YET THROUGH
00:27:51THE FORCE OF HIS PERSONALITY,
ISIAH ROGER, WHO HAS THE FULL
00:27:58BACKING OF THE CONSERVATIVE
PARTY THAT WON OUT IN THIS
00:28:02LEGISLATIVE INVESTIGATION AND
THEY'VE SUCCEEDED IN PUTTING
00:28:04THEIR MAN INTO POSITION, THEY
COULDN'T HAVE GOTTEN A BETTER
00:28:07MAN BECAUSE A YOUNGER ARCHITECT
TRYING TO SING -- CONTINUE TO
00:28:14SING -- THE GREEK REVIVAL TUNE
WOULD HAVE BEEN DROWNED OUT BY
00:28:21MANY VOICES INCLUDING NATHAN
KELLY'S.
00:28:24ISIAH ROGERS WAS A POWERFUL
FIGURE AND HE LOOKS AT THAT
00:28:27BUILDING.
HE SAYS, IT'S GREEK.
00:28:29I'M GREEK.
WE'RE GOING TO FINISH THAT AS A
00:28:31GREEK BUILDING.
>> ON THE EVENING OF JANUARY 5,
00:28:381857, A GALA BALL WAS HELD IN
IT OHIO STATEHOUSE TO CELEBRATE
00:28:47THE LEGISLATURE'S OCCUPATION.
REPORTS ESTIMATED THAT 5,000
00:28:50PEOPLE ATTENDED.
BOTH CHAMBERS WERE TURNED INTO
00:28:54BALLROOMS AND THE PEOPLE DANCED
UNTIL DAWN.
00:28:57THE ROTUNDA BECAME A DINING
HALL WHERE GUESTS FEASTED ON
00:29:03TURKEY, HAM, OYSTERS, BREAD AND
BEER.
00:29:06COLUMBUS HAD DEVELOPED IN 44
YEARS FROM AN UNINHABITED
00:29:11BUILDERNESS TO THE HOME OF A
MAGNIFICENT STATE CAPITAL.
00:29:22>> IN 1861, THE TWO LEGISLATIVE
CHAMBERS WERE COMPLETED.
00:29:27THE INTERIOR WAS UNPAINTED AND
A FEW ROOMS UNFINISHED.
00:29:31THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE
STATEHOUSE WAS DECLARED
00:29:34COMPLETED.
HISTORICALLY, IT'S BEEN A
00:29:44MAGNET FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL
EVENTS, BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY,
00:29:46IT'S A PLACE FOR THE PEOPLE TO
PRACTICE THEIR DEMOCRATIC
00:29:50FREEDOM.
>> THIS PLACE HAS BEEN A
00:29:54GATHERING POINT FOR EVENTS AS
DIVERSE AS WEDDINGS AND FOURTH
00:29:57OF JULY CELEBRATIONS AND, MY
GOODNESS, IN 1897, THEY EVEN
00:30:02HAD A HIGH-WIRE WALKER STRETCH
A CABLE FROM THE NEIL HOUSE TO
00:30:06THE CAPITAL DOME AND WALK
ACROSS HIGH STREET.
00:30:09ONE OF THE MOST OFTEN-SIGHTED
HISTORIC EVENTS TO TAKE PLACE
00:30:13WAS THE LINCOLN SPEECH THAT
TOOK PLACE ON THE OTHER SIDE OF
00:30:16THE BUILDING OF THE LINCOLN
SPEECH WAS IN SEPTEMBER.
00:30:18IT WAS A PART OF THE CAMPAIGN.
HE WAS HERE AT THE TIME THE
00:30:24STATE FAIR WAS GOING ON AND IT
WAS NOTED THAT HE ATTRACTED
00:30:27FEWER PEOPLE THAN DOUGLAS
BECAUSE THE CITIZENS OF
00:30:30COLUMBUS WERE AT THE STATE FAIR.
>> IN 1861, PRESIDENT-ELECT
00:30:42LINCOLN AGAIN VISITED AND
ADDRESSED A JOINT SESSION OF
00:30:45THE LEGISLATURE.
AFTER HIS SPEECH, HE MET WITH
00:30:48GOVERNOR DENNISON IN THIS
OFFICE, THE GOVERNOR'S OFFICE.
00:30:52THEY SPOKE ABOUT THE IMPENDING
CIVIL WAR AND OHIO'S PLACE IN
00:30:57THE STRUGGLE.
OHIO'S IMPORTANCE IN THE YOUNG
00:31:01NATION WAS UNMISTAKABLE WHEN ON
APRIL 29, 1865, LINCOLN'S BODY
00:31:09WAS BROUGHT TO THE STATEHOUSE
ONE FINAL TIME.
00:31:14HIS FUNERAL TRAIN PULLED SLOWLY
INTO THE OLD UNION STATION,
00:31:19WHERE A LARGE CIVIC AND
MILITARY ESCORT WAITED.
00:31:23THEY SLOWLY ESCORTED HIS
FUNERAL CAR, DRAWN BY SIX WHITE
00:31:28HORSES ALONG THE 1 1/2-MILE
JOURNEY DOWN HIGH STREET TO THE
00:31:33STATEHOUSE.
FROM 9:30 IN THE MORNING UNTIL
00:31:364:00 P.M. THAT DAY, LINCOLN'S
BODY LAID IN ROTUNDA.
00:31:41BY ACTUAL COUNT, 8,000 PEOPLE
AN HOUR OR 52,000 PEOPLE WALKED
00:31:48PAST HIS DRAPED COFFIN AND PAID
THEIR RESPECTS TO THE FALLEN
00:31:51PRESIDENT.
IN 1906, THEODORE ROOSEVELT'S
00:32:05DAUGHTER VISITED THE STATEHOUSE
FOR A MCKINLEY MONUMENT
00:32:11DEDICATION.
SHE WAS A DARLING OF THE PUBLIC.
00:32:15100,000 PEOPLE ATTENDED THE
CEREMONY TO CATCH A GLIMPSE OF
00:32:19HER.
FROM THE 1880s UNTIL THE
00:32:21PASSAGE OF THE 19th AMENDMENT
IN 1920, WOMEN PETITIONED THE
00:32:25STATE LEGISLATURE EVERY YEAR
FOR THE RIGHT TO VOTE.
00:32:31THIS 1914 PHOTOGRAPH WAS TAKEN
AFTER ONE OF THEIR MANY MARCHES
00:32:36DOWN BROAD STREET.
THE STATEHOUSE HAS BEEN AN
00:32:39IMPORTANT GATHERING PLACE FOR
VETERANS THROUGH THE YEARS.
00:32:42CIVIL WAR VETERANS USED TO SIT
ON BENCHES AROUND THE SQUARE
00:32:46AND SHARE THEIR STORIES WITH
THE PASSING PEOPLE.
00:32:49THIS SITE HAS WITNESSED
SOLDIERS MARCHING TO AND
00:32:57RETURNING FROM WAR.
>> WHEN WE INAUGURATE NEW
00:33:02GOVERNORS, WHEN PEOPLE COME TO
DEMONSTRATE ABOUT THEIR
00:33:06CONCERNS.
I WAS A LEGISLATOR IN THE EARLY
00:33:10'70s WHEN THERE WERE VIETNAM
DEMONSTRATIONS GOING ON.
00:33:13AND I CAN REMEMBER TAKING TIME
OUT OF LEGISLATIVE SESSION TO
00:33:18TALK TO STUDENT ACTIVISTS.
AND SOME PEOPLE EXPRESSED A
00:33:24CONCERN ABOUT MEETING WITH
THESE RABL ROUSERS, BUT IT'S MY
00:33:31OPINION THAT THAT'S WHAT
DEMOCRACY IS ABOUT.
00:33:35IT'S IMPORTANT THAT PEOPLE FEEL
THEY CAN COME TO THE CENTER OF
00:33:38PUBLIC LIFE AND EXPRESSING
THEMSELVES ON THEIR ISSUES OR
00:33:45THEIR CONCERNS.
>> OVER THE YEARS AS STATE
00:33:47GOVERNMENT AND THE POPULATION
GREW, CHANGES WERE MADE INSIDE
00:33:50THE STATEHOUSE AND THEY WERE
NOT GOOD CHANGES.
00:33:54>> THE ORIGINAL STATEHOUSE
BUILDING ITSELF OPENED FOR
00:33:58BUSINESS IN 1857 WITH 53 ROOMS
HAD BEEN SUBDIVIDED INTO 317
00:34:04ROOMS.
AS YOU CAN IMAGINE, THE
00:34:06CHARACTER OF THE BUILDING HAD
BEEN DESTROYED.
00:34:09SIMPLY TRYING TO FIND MORE
SPACE AND GETTING IT BY
00:34:13SUBDIVIDING.
THE LIGHT COURSE HAD BEEN
00:34:14FILLED IN WITH ROOMS.
JUST ABOUT EVERY MECHANICAL
00:34:22SYSTEM HAD BEEN ADDED TO THE
BUILDING.
00:34:26WE HAD PIPES AND WIRES AND
CONDUITS EVERYWHERE.
00:34:31THE HEATING AND VENTILATING
SYSTEM WAS A MESS.
00:34:35WE HAD BOILERS OFFSITE AND A
PIPE COMING THROUGH AN ALLEY,
00:34:39BUT IT DIDN'T WORK VERY WELL.
THE AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM WAS
00:34:43EVEN WORSE.
THERE WERE 93 SEPARATE
00:34:47AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEMS.
SO MANY CHANGES WERE MADE THAT
00:34:53THE STATE IF THEY HAD KNOWN IT
WOULD HAVE SHUT IT DOWN YEARS
00:34:56AGO.
>> IN 1988, A RESTORATION
00:35:01COMMITTEE CONSIDERING OF
LEGISLATORS, THE GOVERNOR'S
00:35:04OFFICE AND LOCAL BUSINESS
LEADERS, WAS FORMED TO TACKLE
00:35:07THE DIFFICULT TASK OF FINANCING
THE RESTORATION OF THE AGING
00:35:13BUILDING.
THE COMMITTEE DISCOVERED THAT
00:35:16HISTORICAL RECORDS, THE
BUILDING'S ORIGINAL
00:35:18CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS, AND
INFORMATION ABOUT ORIGINAL
00:35:22FURNISHINGS WOULD HAVE TO BE
LOCATED.
00:35:24THE CAPITAL SQUARE REVIEW AND
ADVISORY BOARD WAS FORMED TO
00:35:29OVERSEE THE CONSTRUCTION AND
LATER CARE FOR THE RESTORED
00:35:32BUILDING.
>> NUMBER ONE, THIS IS THE VERY
00:35:34FOUNDATION OF OUR GOVERNMENT.
SO MUCH HISTORY TOOK PLACE HERE
00:35:39AND IT WAS A MAGNIFICENT
BUILDING WHEN IT WAS BUILT.
00:35:42SO TO RESTORE IT IS JUST
CRUCIAL TO WHAT WE DO HERE AS
00:35:46FAR AS THE LEGISLATURE IS
CONCERNED.
00:35:49AS FAR AS GOVERNMENT IN GENERAL
IS CONCERNED IN THE STATE.
00:35:52THE SECOND THING IS THE KIDS.
THE BIGGEST VISITORS ARE
00:35:56CHILDREN.
WE'VE WANTED TO HAVE A PLACE
00:35:57WHERE THEY WOULD COME AND SAY,
WOW.
00:36:01I'M IMPRESSED WITH STATE
GOVERNMENT.
00:36:06>> IN 1993, RESTORATION WORK ON
THE STATEHOUSE BEGAN.
00:36:09ALL GOVERNMENT OFFICES WERE
MOVED OUT AND THE INTERIOR OF
00:36:13THE STATEHOUSE WAS TOTALLY
GUTTED.
00:36:17>> OUR ROLE IN THE PROJECT WAS
TO PROVIDE HISTORICAL
00:36:21BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR THE
DESIGN TEAM.
00:36:23SO WE DID PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
RESEARCH AND TRIED TO LOCATE
00:36:28RECORDS, DRAWINGS, PHOTOGRAPHS,
ANY WRITTEN MATERIAL THAT WOULD
00:36:30GIVE US AN INDICATION OF THE
STATEHOUSE AND HOW IT CHANGED
00:36:33OVER TIME.
ANOTHER ASPECT OF IT WAS TO
00:36:37INVENTORY THE ARTIFACTS WE
COULD FIND IN THE BUILDING THAT
00:36:40SHOULD BE RETAINED AND REUSED
AS PART OF THE RESTORATION
00:36:46PROJECT.
THERE'S AN EFFORT TO BRING IT
00:36:48BACK TO A STATE THAT IT LOOKS
LIKE IT DID, WHILE AT THE SAME
00:36:55TIME MAKING IT LOOK LIKE A 21st
CENTURY BUILDING, WHICH IS NO
00:36:59SMALL TASK.
>> IT'S OUR JOB TO DETERMINE
00:37:06WHAT'S AVAILABLE AND WHAT'S
AFFORDABLE AND MAINTAINABLE.
00:37:09WE'VE BEEN ABLE TO COMBINE NEW
FURNITURE ALONG WITH SOME
00:37:14EXISTING FURNITURE THAT WE'RE
ABOUT TO REFURBISH AND WE'RE
00:37:18ALSO ADDING TO ALL OF THAT BY
PURCHASING SOME ANTIQUES AND
00:37:24REFURBISHING THOSE.
SO IT'S A COMBINATION OF OFF
00:37:28THE SHELF, USED, AND HISTORIC.
>> THIS IS THE CHAIR THAT DATES
00:37:38TO ABOUT THE 1890s AND IT IS
THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE'S
00:37:42CHAIR IN THE CHAMBERS.
WE'VE USED SOME HISTORIC
00:37:49PHOTOGRAPHS TO GUIDE US IN THE
TUFTING PATTERN.
00:37:52YOU CAN SEE THAT BOB'S WORKING
ON THESE SAUSAGE-LIKE TUFTING
00:37:58AS OPPOSED TO A DIAMOND TUFTING.
SO WE'RE LOOKING AT THIS TO
00:38:04MAKE SURE WE HAVE ENOUGH DEPTH
BETWEEN EACH TUFT.
00:38:07IT WILL LOOK VERY PLUSH.
>> I THINK THE SINGLE MOST
00:38:12IMPORTANT ARCHITECTURAL FEATURE
OF THE BUILDING WE WERE ABLE TO
00:38:16RESTORE IS THE NATURAL LIGHT.
WHEN THE BUILDING WAS DESIGNED,
00:38:20GAS LIGHTING WASN'T AVAILABLE
IN COLUMBUS, SO THE BUILDING
00:38:23WAS DESIGNED SO THAT EVERY
SINGLE ROOM HAD ACCESS TO
00:38:28WINDOWS AND LIGHT.
THE ROTUNDA IS A GRAND, GRAND
00:38:31STATE.
IT WAS PAINTED A DARK BEIGE
00:38:34WHEN WE STARTED.
IT HAD SOME DECORATIVE WORK IN
00:38:38IT, NO NATURAL LIGHT, THE
SKYLIGHT HAD BEEN ROOFED OVER.
00:38:46IT WAS A DARK, DINGY,
UNINSPIRING SPACE.
00:38:51>> WITH THE SKYLIGHT AND
LIGHTING SYSTEMS, THE ROTUNDA
00:38:55IS VERY LIGHT AND BRIGHT
OPPOSED TO THE DARK PLACE IT
00:39:02HAD BECOME.
THE RESTORATION REQUIRED
00:39:05RESEARCH AND LABOR, EVERYTHING
FROM A LAYER-BY LAYER PAINT
00:39:15RESEARCH TO HISTORIC
DOCUMENTATION WITH THE LIGHTING.
00:39:19IT REQUIRED WASHING THE WALLS,
PLASTER AND PAINT.
00:39:21WE DON'T WANT TO FORGET THE NEW
SKYLIGHTS.
00:39:25>> THE RESTORATION WORK WOULD
BE DONE AS IT WAS WHEN THE
00:39:32ROTUNDA WAS BUILT.
METAL SCAFFOLDING WAS ERECTED
00:39:36REACHING NINE STORIES ABOVE.
THE SCAFFOLDING USED IN THE
00:39:401800s WAS MADE OF WOOD, BUT
CONSTRUCTED IN THE SAME WAY.
00:39:44WORKING ON TOP OF THE SHAKY
PLATFORM, NINE STORIES ABOVE
00:39:50THE ROTUNDA FLOOR, PAINTERS
APPLIED 24 DIFFERENT COLORS TO
00:39:54THE PLASTER DECORATIONS.
>> AT FIRST YOU WOULD STEP ON
00:40:00THE EDGE OF A BOARD OR
SOMETHING AND IT WOULD MAKE
00:40:03YOUR HEART SKIP A BEAT, BUT YOU
KIND OF GET USED TO IT, I GUESS.
00:40:09I THINK WHEN THEY ORIGINALLY
DID IT, WE HAVE A LOT MORE
00:40:14TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT THAT
THEY DIDN'T HAVE BACK THEN SUCH
00:40:19AS SPRAYERS AND THINGS LIKE
THAT.
00:40:29I DID FIND A BUSINESS CARD IN
ONE OF THOSE ROSETTES.
00:40:32>> TELL ME ABOUT THAT.
>> I WAS PAINTING ONE OF THOSE
00:40:35ROSETTES AND A BUSINESS CARD
CAME OUT OF IT.
00:40:39AND IN LOOKING AT IT AND
INSPECTING IT, TURNING IT OVER,
00:40:42I NOTICED ON THE BACK THAT
SOMEONE HAD WRITTEN ON THE BACK
00:40:44OF IT THAT THIS CARD WAS LEFT
IN THE DOME SEPTEMBER 4, 1922.
00:40:54SO THAT WAS SOMETHING THAT --
TO FIND.
00:40:59>> THE GLASS YOU SEE LAYING
HERE WILL BE INSTALLED IN THE
00:41:05EXISTING ROTUNDA OF THE
STATEHOUSE.
00:41:07WE HAVE A HAND-PAINTED GLASS
SEAL THAT WE'LL SET IN THE
00:41:11CENTER SURROUNDED BY YELLOW AND
RED PIECES OF ART GLASS AND
00:41:15THEN A RING OF FROSTED GLASS.
THIS WAS DONE BY AN ARTIST IN
00:41:22NEW YORK STATE, RACHAEL KEEBLER
WITH COBALT STUDIOS.
00:41:25WE CUT THE GLASS AND SHIPPED IT
TO HER AND SHE PAINTED IT AND
00:41:29BROUGHT IT BACK DOWN TO US.
>> EACH PIECE OF THE PAINTED
00:41:32GLASS WAS HAND CARRIED UP THE
NINE-STORY SPIRALING STAIRCASE
00:41:38TO THE ROTUNDA FOR INSTALLATION.
>> I'VE BEEN WORKING ON THIS
00:41:58PHASE OF THE PROJECT IN TERMS
OF ORDERING GLASS AND HAVING
00:42:03GLASS MADE PROBABLY 10 OR 11
MONTHS AGO.
00:42:06I THINK THE ORIGINAL SCHEDULE
CALLED FOR US TO BE IN HERE
00:42:09FOUR OR FIVE MONTHS AGO.
I WASN'T SURE THIS DAY WOULD
00:42:12COME, BUT IT APPEARS THAT
EVERYTHING IS FINALLY FALLING
00:42:15INTO PLACE.
>> AND THERE IT IS.
00:42:39AFTER ALL THE WAITING, IT'S
FINALLY IN PLACE.
00:42:49>> SOME 8,000 STUDENTS OVER
THIS STATE HAVE PARTICIPATED IN
00:42:56A FUNDRAISING CAMPAIGN THAT
SEEING ITS CLIMAX TODAY.
00:43:04YOU RAISED $25,000 TO PUT THIS
STAINED GLASS AT THE TOP OF THE
00:43:08ROTUNDA.
IT BECAME A REALITY AND WAS
00:43:10REINSTALLED IN ITS PLACE OF
HONOR.
00:43:13SO THROUGH YOUR EFFORTS, THE
YOUNG PEOPLE THAT ARE HERE
00:43:16TODAY, WE'RE GOING TO UNVEIL
THAT SEAL AS IT WAS WHEN THIS
00:43:22STATEHOUSE WAS CONSTRUCTED.
>> FOUR, THREE, TWO, ONE!
00:43:31[CLEARS AND APPLAUSE]
[CHEERS AND APPLAUSE]
00:43:38>> AS WE MOVED FROM THE ROTUNDA
THROUGH THE SENATE CHAMBER, WE
00:43:43MOVED FROM THE CONSTRUCTION
PERIOD THAT LASTED FROM 1839 TO
00:43:501861.
BY THE TIME WE GOT TO 1861,
00:43:53WE'D MOVED INTO THE VICTORIAN
PERIOD AND YOU CAN SEE THAT
00:43:58INFLUENCE HERE IN THE SENATE
AND HOUSE CHAMBERS, AS THEY'RE
00:44:02MORE ORNATE AND COLORFUL.
>> THE SENATE CHAMBER WAS
00:44:08INTERESTING.
IT HAD BEEN PAINTED A LOT.
00:44:10THERE WERE 27 LAYERS OF PAINT
ON THE WALLS.
00:44:15ONCE AGAIN, WE'VE REINTRODUCED
THE NATURAL LIGHT TO THE HOUSE
00:44:20AND SENATE CHAMBERS.
WE'VE REINTRODUCED THE COLOR
00:44:23SCHEME.
>> THE COLORS THAT ARE ORIGINAL
00:44:25TO THE BUILDING ARE VERY PALE
POMPAYAN COLORS.
00:44:35SO THESE ARE VERY PALE PASTELS.
THE FURNISHINGS WILL BE BRIGHT,
00:44:40DEEP JEWEL TONES.
>> PINK NEVER HAD A GENDER IN
00:44:44THIS PERIOD.
NOW IT'S ASSOCIATED WITH WOMEN
00:44:47AND LITTLE GIRLS' BEDROOMS, BUT
A REDDISH PINK WAS AS MASCULINE
00:44:51AS RED.
WHEN THE COLOR RESEARCH WAS
00:44:54BEING DONE BY DARLA OLSEN, SHE
FOUND WHAT WE REALIZED WERE
00:44:59HERE WERE MURALS OR DECORATIVE
PAINTINGS, BUT PINSTRIPING,
00:45:04FLOWERS AND ORNAMENTS.
SO WE DUG DEEPER AND FOUND THAT
00:45:10THE WASHES WERE MADE WITH A
MILK BASE OR SOMETHING LIKE
00:45:16THAT.
IT WAS DISTEMPER PAINTS
00:45:19ORIGINALLY, THE FLATS.
IT WAS THE PINKS, THE GREENS,
00:45:25THE ORIGINAL COLORS THAT PEOPLE
HAD ON THE SCENE.
00:45:28IT WAS WHITEWASH REALLY.
>> THE MOLD WORK FOR 150 YEARS
00:45:33OLD WAS IN PRETTY GOOD SHAPE
OTHER THAN WATER DAMAGE.
00:45:37THIS CEILING, WALLS AND
EVERYTHING, IS ALL PLASTERING
00:45:42WORK.
THEN THE CEILING -- MOST OLD
00:45:44BUILDINGS THAT YOU GO IN, THEY
WILL HAVE WOOD, WOOD FRAMING
00:45:50AND WOOD LAV.
BUT THIS HAS CAST IRON ON IT.
00:45:54IT COMES IN SHEETS FOUR FEET
LONG AND 16 INCHES WIDE AND
00:45:57THEN THEY BOTTOM THEM ON AND
THAT'S WHAT THEY PLASTERED OVER
00:46:03AND IT'S HOLDING UP PRETTY GOOD.
THIS PIECE HERE IS SOMETHING WE
00:46:13REMANUFACTURERED.
WE TOOK DOWN A GOOD PIECE AND
00:46:15CLEAN IT UP AND MOUNT IT ON THE
BOARD AND POUR A URETHANE
00:46:22RUBBER ON THAT AND WE CAST THE
PIECE.
00:46:24YEARS AGO THEY DIDN'T HAVE
THINGS THAT WE HAVE NOWADAYS,
00:46:28SO THEY USED A GELATIN MOLD,
WHICH AFTER 15 TO 20 CASTS A
00:46:32LOT OF TIMES, IT WOULD START
LOSING ITS MEMORY AND YOU HAD
00:46:37TO MELT IT DOWN AND MANUFACTURE
ANOTHER.
00:46:54>> SEE THE STRIPPING PROCESS
AND THROUGH CONSTRUCTION,
00:46:59PIECES HAVE BEEN KNOCKED OFF.
>> UH-HUH.
00:47:04>> FROM THE STRIPPING PROCESS,
IT USED TO BE GLUED, WHICH WAS
00:47:12BOILED DOWN.
IT'S A WATER-SOLUBLE AND IT
00:47:15BROKE APART.
SOME PLACES WERE USING A
00:47:23PROJECT WITH CARDS AND OTHER
PLACES I HAVE TO GLUE ON BLOCKS
00:47:26OF WOOD.
>> SO YOU WILL DO THAT BY HAND?
00:47:28>> YES, OH, YES.
ONE OF THE KEYS TO DOING THIS
00:47:30SORT OF WORK IS NOTHING BUT
SHARP TOOLS.
00:47:33YOU CAN'T DO IT WITHOUT THEM.
>> WE'RE STANDING IN THE SENATE
00:47:47CHAMBER.
ONE OF THE THINGS IT LOOKS LIKE
00:47:49THEY'RE WORKING ON RIGHT NOW IS
THE DOORS.
00:47:51HOW WOULD THESE HAVE BEEN
ORIGINALLY FINISHED?
00:47:53>> THEY WERE FINISHED TO LOOK
LIKE OAK.
00:47:56THEY ARE MADE OF PINE AND
THEY'RE CARVED AND YOU CAN SEE
00:47:58THEY STRIPPED THE WOOD DOWN TO
THE ORIGINAL BARE WOOD, BUT IT
00:48:03WAS PAINTED TO LOOK LIKE OAK.
IT'S CALLED GRAINING.
00:48:07AND IT'S A TYPICAL 19th CENTURY
FINISH THAT WE'LL PUT BACK.
00:48:12>> WE'RE IMITATING WHICH WAS
BELIEVED TO BE THE ORIGINAL
00:48:17DECORATIVE GRAINING DONE ON THE
WOODWORK DONE ON THE SPACES.
00:48:22I BELIEVE THERE ARE ABOUT 100
DOORS, 130 WINDOWS, WITH
00:48:28SHUTTERS.
IT'S QUITE A BIT OF WORK.
00:48:29A LOT OF THIS WOOD IS OAK AND
WE'RE IMITATING OAK OVER TOP OF
00:48:34IT, WHICH WAS DONE TO -- MAYBE
THEY DIDN'T HAVE OAK TO DO THE
00:48:38BUILDING AND MAYBE IT WAS
DIFFERENT.
00:48:39SO THIS WAY IT IS UNIFIED.
>> AND THE MATERIAL IS
00:48:46TRADITIONAL MATERIAL.
IT'S A MIXTURE OF OIL,
00:48:59TURPENTINE, OIL COLOR, CHALK.
AND IT HAS TO BE MIXED TO THE
00:49:07CONDITION, THE HUMIDITY, THE
TYPES OF GRAINING WE'RE DOING.
00:49:13>> ONE OF THE BEST PARTS OF THE
RENOVATION, ONE OF THE MOST
00:49:17EXCITING THINGS, IS THE LIGHT
FIXTURES IN THE HOUSE AND
00:49:20SENATE CHAMBERS, BECAUSE THEY
ARE AS AUTHENTIC A GAS
00:49:25CHANDELIER THAT ANYBODY COULD
HAVE CREATED ANYWHERE IN THE
00:49:29COUNTRY.
WE HAD NO PHOTOGRAPHS.
00:49:31WE KNOW THE FIXTURES WERE
CREATED BY THE CORNELIUS AND
00:49:37BAKER COMPANY IN PHILADELPHIA.
WE HAVE WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF
00:49:41THAT.
THEN WE FOUND LATE IN THE
00:49:45PROCESS IN 1861 AN ENGRAVING
SHOWING PRESIDENT LINCOLN
00:49:48ADDRESSING A JOINT SESSION OF
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND IT
00:49:53SHOWS THE LIGHT FIXTURES.
THEN WE WENT TO VERMONT.
00:49:58THEY ARE FRUGAL NEW ENGLANDERS
AND THEY STILL HAVE THEIR LIGHT
00:50:01FIXTURES.
WE WERE ABLE TO STRIKE A DEAL
00:50:02WITH THE STATE OF VERMONT WHERE
WE AGREED TO CLEAN AND REWIRE
00:50:06THEIR FIXTURE AND WE WERE
ALLOWED TO TAKE IT APART AND
00:50:09MAKE CASTINGS FROM THE PIECES
AND PARTS.
00:50:11IT'S A VERY, VERY ACCURATE
REPRODUCTION OF THE FIXTURES
00:50:15THAT WE HAD ORIGINALLY.
>> WE'RE NOW IN ONE OF FOUR
00:50:22LIGHT COURTS IN THE STATEHOUSE.
ORIGINALLY THEY WERE OPEN TO
00:50:26THE SKY AND PROVIDED NATURAL
LIGHT AND FRESH AIR TO THE
00:50:30INTERIOR PORTIONS OF THE
STATEHOUSE.
00:50:35THEY ALSO HAD BALCONIES.
OVER THE YEARS, THEY WERE
00:50:38FILLED IN WITH SEVEN FLOORS OF
OFFICE SPACE.
00:50:41IT WAS VERY CRAMPED AND
CONFINED.
00:50:44DURING THE RESTORATION PROJECT,
WE TORE THESE OUT AND RETURNED
00:50:48THIS SPACE TO ITS USE AS A
SOURCE OF NATURAL LIGHT AND A
00:50:51CIRCULATION PATH IN THE
BUILDING.
00:50:56>> CURRENTLY, WE'RE WORKING ON
A LIGHT SOURCE AND WE'RE TRYING
00:51:00TO REPLACE THE DAMAGED STONES.
A LOT OF THIS WAS DAMAGED
00:51:02BECAUSE THE FLOORS WERE PUT IN
BECAUSE MORE AND MORE PEOPLE
00:51:05WERE PUT INTO THE STATEHOUSE.
THEY FILLED THE FLOORS UP AND
00:51:10PARTITIONED IT OFF AND WE'VE
GONE BACK TO THE ORIGINAL
00:51:13CONSTRUCTION, DEMOLISHED THE
FLOORS AND THE PARTITIONS AND
00:51:17DURING THE DEMOLITION THE STONE
WAS DAMAGED AND WHO ARE GOING
00:51:20BACK IN, CUTTING OUT THE STONE
AND REPLACING IT AND MAKING
00:51:23WHAT WAS NEW STONE LOOK LIKE
OLD STONE BY USING PNEUMATIC
00:51:30TOOLS THAT VIBRATES AT A HIGH
SPEED.
00:51:32I THINK THAT'S WHAT'S MOST
AMAZING IS CUTTING OUT THINGS
00:51:34TO GET BACK TO THE ORIGINAL WAY
IT WAS.
00:51:37IT'S ALMOST LIKE AN
ARCHAEOLOGICAL DIG.
00:51:39THAT'S WALT -- WHAT I THINK OF
IT AS.
00:51:44>> WELCOME TO THE GOVERNOR'S
OFFICE.
00:51:49ON FEBRUARY 13, 1861, LINCOLN
WALKED THROUGH THIS DOORWAY AND
00:51:52SET ACROSS FROM THIS VERY DESK
TO DISCUSS THE ISSUES OF THE
00:51:56DAY WITH THEN-GOVERNOR DENNISON.
DURING THAT DISCUSSION, HE
00:51:59RECEIVED A TELEGRAM FROM THE
U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTIVES
00:52:03OFFICIALLY ANNOUNCING HIS
ELECTION.
00:52:05THIS ROOM CONTAINS MANY
ORIGINAL ANTIQUES THAT WERE
00:52:07HERE WHEN LINCOLN WAS HERE.
AND ESSENTIALLY APPEARS AS IT
00:52:12DID ON THAT DAY.
>> WHEN WE STARTED THE
00:52:16RESTORATION PROJECT, WE
ESTABLISHED A NUMBER OF
00:52:19DIFFERENT RESTORATIONS.
AT THE HIGHEST LEVEL, WE COULD
00:52:23CALL IT MUSEUM QUALITY THAT WAS
RESERVED FOR THE GOVERNOR'S
00:52:28OFFICE.
USING PHOTOGRAPHY AND PHYSICAL
00:52:30RESEARCH, WE'VE BEEN ABLE TO
PRETTY WELL RE-CREATE THAT ROOM
00:52:34THE WAY IT WAS WHEN THE
BUILDING OPENED.
00:52:35WE WERE ABLE TO FIND THE
GOVERNOR'S DESK.
00:52:38WE KNOW IT'S THE RIGHT DESK
BECAUSE WE HAVE PHOTOGRAPHS OF
00:52:43IT FROM THE 1870s.
WE HAVE THE DRAWINGS FROM WHICH
00:52:46IT WAS BUILT DONE BY THE
ARCHITECTS.
00:52:50WE FOUND THE DESK IN A RESEARCH
AT THE OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
00:52:54WE WERE ABLE TO SEND IT TO A
CONSERVATORY AND BRING IT BACK
00:53:00TO ITS ORIGINAL CONDITION.
>> IT HAS A LEATHER TOP ON IT.
00:53:04IT'S A SURPRISINGLY LARGE PIECE
OF LEATHER.
00:53:07IT WAS RESTORED BY A
CONSERVATORY OUT OF WASHINGTON,
00:53:13D.C.
THEY DID LITTLE TO REMOVE OR
00:53:17DAMAGE THE PIECE.
ALL OF THE ORIGINAL PIECES TO
00:53:19THE BUILDING WERE TREATED IN
THAT MANNER.
00:54:02>> AFTER NEARLY 10 YEARS OF
RESTORATION WORK, ON JULY 4,
00:54:091996, THE BUILDING WAS
OFFICIALLY REOPENED TO THE
00:54:14PUBLIC IN THE WEEK-LONG
CELEBRATION.
00:54:17>> ONE OF MY FAVORITE STORIES
AND ONE I TOLD WHEN THE CHAMBER
00:54:22WAS REOPENED AND WE REDEDICATED
THE CHAMBER WAS A STORY ABOUT
00:54:27ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
EVERY DAY I'M STANDING IN THE
00:54:31POSITION AND CONDUCTING
SESSIONS I THINK ABOUT THE TIME
00:54:33THAT LINCOLN ADDRESS THE THE
LEGISLATURE IN 1861.
00:54:38AND BEFORE ABRAHAM LINCOLN CAME
THAT DAY WOMEN WERE NOT
00:54:41PERMITTED TO BE VIEWERS IN THE
GALLERIES OF THE SESSION.
00:54:44SO BEFORE LINCOLN GOT HERE TO
MAKE HIS JOINT SESSION
00:54:47PRESENTATION, THERE WAS A
DEBATE ON THE FLOOR OF THE OHIO
00:54:50HOUSE OF REPRESENTIVES ABOUT
WHETHER OR NOT WOMEN SHOULD BE
00:54:53ADMITTED IN THE GALLERY AND
THAT DEBATE WENT ON FOR A
00:54:55PERIOD OF TIME AND I UNDERSTAND
IT WAS A HOT DEBATE AND THEY
00:54:59FINALLY DECIDED, NOT BY
MAJORITY OR A UNANIMOUS VOTE
00:55:10BUT BY MAJORITY, THAT WOMEN
WOULD BE PERMITTED IN THE
00:55:13GALLERY.
THE GALLERY THAT I LOOK AT NOW
00:55:16IS A GALLERY TERMED THE WOMEN'S
GALLERY BECAUSE THAT'S WHERE
00:55:20THE WOMEN WERE PERMITTED TO SIT.
AS I LOOK OUT NOW OVER THE
00:55:25PEOPLE'S HOUSE AND I SEE
MEMBERS OF ALL RACES AND BOTH
00:55:30GENDER REPRESENTATIVE OF THE
DIVERSITY OF THIS GREAT STATE
00:55:32OF OHIO, I ALWAYS WILL THINK
BACK ON THAT DAY THAT ABRAHAM
00:55:36LINCOLN WAS IN COLUMBUS AND IT
WILL ALWAYS BE ONE OF MY
00:55:40FAVORITE STORIES.
>> I THINK PEOPLE WILL BE
00:55:45PLEASED BY THE RESULTS ALMOST
10 YEARS LATER.
00:55:4810 YEARS LATER AND THE
PERSPECTIVE OF THE LIFE OF THIS
00:55:52BUILDING, 10 YEARS IS A FEW
MINUTES.
00:56:08>> THIS IS A VERY EMOTIONAL
PROJECT FOR ARCHITECTS AND
00:56:14ENGINEERS, HISTORIANS,
PRESERVATIONISTS, ALL OF US
00:56:16THAT WORK ON THE BUILDING.
WE KEEP COMING BACK.
00:56:18IT WILL PROBABLY NEVER BE
FINISHED.
00:56:19EVERYBODY ON OUR TEAM WILL BE A
PART OF THIS PLACE.
00:56:23IT'S AN EXCITING AND EMOTIONAL
THING.
00:56:29TO BEGIN WITH, THERE'S A BASIC
REASON IT'S BEAUTIFUL.
00:56:32IT IS SOMETHING THAT THE OHIO
CULTURE CREATED.
00:56:36THE EYEWITNESS NEWS CULTURE
BEGAN WITH AN IDEA AND WITHOUT
00:56:43CHANGEING IT MUCH, PRESSED ON.
Note : Transcripts are compiled from uncorrected captions